Optical Connection Systems and Methods Thereof

ABSTRACT

Optical connection systems including electrical-and-optical connection systems and methods thereof are disclosed. An electrical-and-optical connection system can include an extension tube having a plug and a relay module having a receptacle. The plug can be formed of a metal piece around electrical wires, which, in turn, are around optical-fiber cores that extend along a length of the extension tube. The plug can be configured to pierce through at least a sterile barrier. The relay module can include electrical wires and optical-fiber cores within a housing of the relay module, as well as a receptacle disposed in the housing. The receptacle can be configured to simultaneously accept insertion of the plug therein and establish both electrical and optical connections between the plug and the receptacle from a sterile field to a non-sterile field set up by the sterile barrier. Shape-sensing systems including the optical connection systems are also disclosed.

PRIORITY

This application claims the benefit of priority to U.S. ProvisionalApplication No. 62/983,402, filed Feb. 28, 2020, which is incorporatedby reference in its entirety into this application.

BACKGROUND

At times, a tip of a peripherally inserted central catheter (“PICC”) orcentral venous catheter (“CVC”) can move becoming displaced from anideal position in a patient's superior vena cava (“SVC”). A clinicianbelieving such a PICC or CVC has displaced typically checks fordisplacement by chest X-ray and replaces the PICC or CVC if necessary.Because X-rays expose patients to ionizing radiation, medical devicessuch as PICCs and CVCs are being developed with integrated optical-fiberstylets for clinicians to easily and safely check for displacementthereof. However, in order for the clinicians to check for displacement,the PICCs or CVCs, which are sterile as provided, need to be at leastoptically connected to non-sterile capital equipment withoutcompromising sterile conditions. Therefore, there is a need for a relaymodule that allows for single-use medical devices such as the foregoingPICCs and CVCs to be at least optically connected to non-sterile capitalequipment without compromising sterile conditions.

Disclosed herein are optical connection systems includingelectrical-and-optical connection systems and methods thereof.

SUMMARY

Disclosed herein is an electrical-and-optical connection systemincluding, in some embodiments, an extension tube having a plug and arelay module having a receptacle. The extension tube includes one ormore optical-fiber cores extending along a length of the extension tube,one or more electrical wires extending along the length of the extensiontube over the one or more optical fibers, and the plug. The plug isformed of a metal piece around the one or more electrical wires. Theplug is configured to pierce through at least a sterile barrier. Therelay module is configured to relay electrical and optical signals to areceiver thereof. The relay module includes one or more optical-fibercores within a housing of the relay module, one or more electrical wireswithin the housing of the relay module, and the receptacle disposed inthe housing. The receptacle is configured to simultaneously acceptinsertion of the plug therein and establish both electrical and opticalconnections between the plug and the receptacle from a sterile field toa non-sterile field.

In some embodiments, the metal piece is fixedly coupled to the one ormore electrical wires of the extension tube by an electricallyconductive adhesive.

In some embodiments, the metal piece is crimped onto the one or moreelectrical wires of the extension tube fixedly coupling the metal piecethereto.

In some embodiments, the receptacle includes one or more electricalcontacts configured to form the electrical connection with the metalpiece when the plug is inserted into the receptacle with the sterilebarrier therebetween. Such a configuration enables the electricalconnection from the sterile field to the non-sterile field.

In some embodiments, the receptacle includes an optical receiverconfigured to accept insertion of an optical terminal of the plug andform the optical connection when the plug is inserted into thereceptacle with the sterile barrier therebetween. Such a configurationenables the optical connection from the sterile field to the non-sterilefield.

In some embodiments, the electrical-and-optical connection systemfurther includes a plug-inserting device configured to removably attachto a surface of the relay module.

The plug-inserting device includes a plug holder configured to hold theextension tube or the plug. The plug-inserting device is configured toinsert the plug into the receptacle when the plug-inserting device isattached to the relay module, the plug holder is holding the plug, andthe plug-inserting device is actuated to insert the plug into thereceptacle.

In some embodiments, the plug-inserting device includes a lever as anactuator for inserting the plug into the receptacle. The lever isconfigured to insert the plug into the receptacle when the lever ismoved through a circular sector toward the plug holder.

In some embodiments, the relay module is configured to sit on oralongside a patient beneath the sterile barrier.

In some embodiments, the housing includes a patient-facing surfaceconfigured to be adhered to the patient. Such a configuration enablesthe relay module to be secured to the patient while establishing boththe electrical and optical connections between the plug and the relaymodule.

Also disclosed herein is an optical connection system including, in someembodiments, an extension tube having extension-tube connector and arelay module having a relay-module connector. The extension tubeincludes one or more optical-fiber cores extending along a length of theextension tube and the extension-tube connector. The extension-tubeconnector includes an optical terminal disposed in a mating surface ofthe extension-tube connector. The relay module is configured to relayoptical signals to a receiver thereof. The relay module includes one ormore optical-fiber cores within a housing of the relay module and therelay-module connector. The relay-module connector includes an opticalreceiver disposed in a mating surface of the relay-module connector. Theextension-tube connector and the relay-module connector are configuredto mate across a transparent window of a sterile barrier and establishan optical connection between the optical terminal in a sterile fieldand the optical receiver in a non-sterile field.

In some embodiments, the extension-tube connector includes one or morealignment magnets disposed in the mating surface of the extension-tubeconnector around an optical terminal. In addition, the relay-moduleconnector includes one or more alignment magnets disposed in the matingsurface of the relay-module connector around an optical receiver.

In some embodiments, a shape of each connector of the extension-tubeconnector and the relay-module connector enforces a particularorientation of the extension-tube connector and the relay-moduleconnector when mated across the transparent window.

In some embodiments, magnetic poles of the one or more alignment magnetsof each connector of the extension-tube connector and the relay-moduleconnector enforces a particular orientation of the extension-tubeconnector and the relay-module connector when mated across thetransparent window.

In some embodiments, a shape of each connector of the extension-tubeconnector and the relay-module connector is rotationally symmetric. Sucha configuration allows a number of rotationally equivalent orientationsof the extension-tube connector and the relay-module connector whenmated across the transparent window.

In some embodiments, all magnetic poles of the one or more alignmentmagnets of the extension-tube connector are of a same orientation butopposite all magnetic poles of the one or more alignment magnets of therelay-module connector. Such a configuration allows a number ofrotationally equivalent orientations of the extension-tube connector andthe relay-module connector when mated across the transparent window.

In some embodiments, the relay module is configured to sit on oralongside a patient beneath the sterile barrier.

In some embodiments, the housing includes a patient-facing surfaceconfigured to be adhered to the patient. Such a configuration enablesthe relay module to be secured to the patient while establishing boththe electrical and optical connections between the plug and the relaymodule.

Also disclosed herein is a method of an electrical-and-opticalconnection system. The method includes, in some embodiments, arelay-module placing step, a sterile-barrier placing step, and a firstplug-inserting step. The relay-module placing step includes placing arelay module on or alongside patient. The sterile-barrier placing stepincludes placing a sterile barrier over the patient. Such a stepestablishes a sterile field over the sterile barrier and a non-sterilefield under the sterile barrier. The first plug-inserting step includesinserting a plug of an extension tube communicatively connected to amedical device in the sterile field into a receptacle of the relaymodule in the non-sterile field. The first plug-inserting stepsimultaneously establishes both electrical and optical connectionsbetween the medical device and the relay module across the sterilebarrier.

In some embodiments, the relay-module placing step occurs before thesterile-barrier placing step.

In some embodiments, the method further includes a mounting step andsecond plug-inserting step. The mounting step includes mounting aplug-inserting device over a surface of the relay module. The secondplug-inserting step includes inserting the plug into a plug holder ofthe plug-inserting device.

In some embodiments, the method further includes an actuating step ofactuating a lever of the plug-inserting device for inserting the pluginto the receptacle.

Also disclosed herein is a method of an optical connection system. Themethod includes, in some embodiments, a relay-module placing step, asterile-barrier placing step, and a mating step. The relay-moduleplacing step includes placing a relay module on or alongside a patient.The sterile-barrier placing step includes placing a sterile barrierhaving a transparent window over the patient. Such a step establishes asterile field over the sterile barrier and a non-sterile field under thesterile barrier. The mating step includes mating an extension-tubeconnector of an extension tube communicatively connected to a medicaldevice in the sterile field with a relay-module connector of the relaymodule in the non-sterile field with the transparent window between theextension-tube connector and the relay-module connector. The mating stepestablishes the optical connection between the medical device and therelay module across the sterile barrier.

In some embodiments, the relay-module placing step occurs before thesterile-barrier placing step.

In some embodiments, the mating step includes orientating theextension-tube connector such that its shape matches a shape of therelay-module connector.

In some embodiments, the mating step includes orientating theextension-tube connector such that magnetic poles of its one or morealignment magnets complement magnetic poles of one or more alignmentmagnets of the relay-module connector.

These and other features of the concepts provided herein will becomemore apparent to those of skill in the art in view of the accompanyingdrawings and following description, which describe particularembodiments of such concepts in greater detail.

DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a first shape-sensing system in accordancewith some embodiments.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a second shape-sensing system in accordancewith some embodiments.

FIG. 3 illustrates the second shape-sensing system in accordance withsome embodiments.

FIG. 4 illustrates a cross-section of a catheter tube of a medicaldevice in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 5 illustrates a plug of an extension tube of a medical device forestablishing both optical and electrical connections in accordance withsome embodiments.

FIG. 6 illustrates a detailed view of a relay module with a receptaclefor establishing optical connections or both optical and electricalconnections in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 7 illustrates a plug-inserting device in accordance with someembodiments.

FIG. 8 illustrates the second shape-sensing system in use during apatient procedure in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 9 illustrates the second shape-sensing system in use during apatient procedure with a sterile barrier in accordance with someembodiments.

FIG. 10 illustrates an extension-tube optical connector of an extensiontube of a medical device in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 11 illustrates a relay module with a relay-module optical connectorfor establishing optical connections in accordance with someembodiments.

DESCRIPTION

Before some particular embodiments are disclosed in greater detail, itshould be understood that the particular embodiments disclosed herein donot limit the scope of the concepts provided herein. It should also beunderstood that a particular embodiment disclosed herein can havefeatures that can be readily separated from the particular embodimentand optionally combined with or substituted for features of any of anumber of other embodiments disclosed herein.

Regarding terms used herein, it should also be understood the terms arefor the purpose of describing some particular embodiments, and the termsdo not limit the scope of the concepts provided herein. Ordinal numbers(e.g., first, second, third, etc.) are generally used to distinguish oridentify different features or steps in a group of features or steps,and do not supply a serial or numerical limitation. For example,“first,” “second,” and “third” features or steps need not necessarilyappear in that order, and the particular embodiments including suchfeatures or steps need not necessarily be limited to the three featuresor steps. Labels such as “left,” “right,” “top,” “bottom,” “front,”“back,” and the like are used for convenience and are not intended toimply, for example, any particular fixed location, orientation, ordirection. Instead, such labels are used to reflect, for example,relative location, orientation, or directions. Singular forms of “a,”“an,” and “the” include plural references unless the context clearlydictates otherwise.

With respect to “proximal,” a “proximal portion” or a “proximal endportion” of, for example, a catheter disclosed herein includes a portionof the catheter intended to be near a clinician when the catheter isused on a patient. Likewise, a “proximal length” of, for example, thecatheter includes a length of the catheter intended to be near theclinician when the catheter is used on the patient. A “proximal end” of,for example, the catheter includes an end of the catheter intended to benear the clinician when the catheter is used on the patient. Theproximal portion, the proximal end portion, or the proximal length ofthe catheter can include the proximal end of the catheter; however, theproximal portion, the proximal end portion, or the proximal length ofthe catheter need not include the proximal end of the catheter. That is,unless context suggests otherwise, the proximal portion, the proximalend portion, or the proximal length of the catheter is not a terminalportion or terminal length of the catheter.

With respect to “distal,” a “distal portion” or a “distal end portion”of, for example, a catheter disclosed herein includes a portion of thecatheter intended to be near or in a patient when the catheter is usedon the patient. Likewise, a “distal length” of, for example, thecatheter includes a length of the catheter intended to be near or in thepatient when the catheter is used on the patient. A “distal end” of, forexample, the catheter includes an end of the catheter intended to benear or in the patient when the catheter is used on the patient. Thedistal portion, the distal end portion, or the distal length of thecatheter can include the distal end of the catheter; however, the distalportion, the distal end portion, or the distal length of the catheterneed not include the distal end of the catheter. That is, unless contextsuggests otherwise, the distal portion, the distal end portion, or thedistal length of the catheter is not a terminal portion or terminallength of the catheter.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used hereinhave the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skillin the art.

As set forth above, there is a need for a relay module that allows forsingle-use medical devices such as the foregoing PICCs and CVCs to be atleast optically connected to non-sterile capital equipment withoutcompromising sterile conditions. Disclosed herein are optical connectionsystems including electrical-and-optical connection systems and methodsthereof.

Features of the optical connection systems provided herein will becomemore apparent with reference to the accompanying drawings and thefollowing description, which provide particular embodiments of theoptical connection systems in greater detail. For context, shape-sensingsystems are described first followed by medical devices and relaymodules of the shape-sensing systems, as well as methods of theforegoing. The optical connection systems and the electrical-and-opticalconnection systems are described among a combination of theshape-sensing systems, the medical devices, and the relay modules.

Shape-Sensing Systems

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a first shape-sensing system 100 inaccordance with some embodiments. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a secondshape-sensing system 200 in accordance with some embodiments. FIG. 3illustrates the second shape-sensing system 200 in accordance with someembodiments. FIG. 8 illustrates the second shape-sensing system 200 inuse during a patient procedure in accordance with some embodiments. FIG.9 illustrates the second shape-sensing system 200 in use during apatient procedure with a sterile barrier 903 in accordance with someembodiments.

As shown, the shape-sensing system 100 or 200 includes, in someembodiments, a medical device 110, a console 130 or 230, and relaymodule 120 configured for connecting the medical device 110 to aremainder of the shape-sensing system 100 or 200 such as the console230. The medical device 110 is typically used in a sterile field whilethe relay module 120 and the console 130 or 230 are typically used in anon-sterile field as defined by at least the sterile barrier 903 (e.g.,drape) as one of several possible sterile barriers (e.g., drape, plasticholder, sheath, etc.).

The medical device 110 includes at least an integrated optical-fiberstylet including one or more optical-fiber cores, each core, in turn,having a number of fiber Bragg grating (“FBG”) sensors along a lengththereof for shape sensing with the shape-sensing system 100 or 200. (Seeintegrated optical-fiber stylet 424 in FIG. 4 for an example of theoptical-fiber stylet of the medical device 110.) However, the medicaldevice 110 can also include electrical componentry such as anelectrocardiogram (“ECG”) stylet and one or more electrical wires insupport of the ECG stylet.

Certain features of the medical device 110 are set forth in more detailbelow with respect to particular embodiments of the medical device 110such as the PICC 310. That said, some features (e.g., the optical fiberstylet, the ECG stylet, etc.) set forth below with respect to one ormore embodiments of the medical device 110 such as the PICC 310 can beshared among two or more embodiments of the medical device 110. As such,“medical device 110” is used herein to generically refer to more thanone embodiment of the medical device 110 when needed for expositoryexpediency. This is despite certain features having been described withrespect to particular embodiments of the medical device 110 such as thePICC 310.

While only shown for the console 230, each console of the consoles 130and 230 includes memory 236 and one or more processors 234 forconverting reflected optical signals from the optical-fiber stylet ofthe medical device 110 into displayable shapes for the medical device110. The displayable shapes for the medical device 110 can be displayedon an integrated display screen integrated into the console 130 or 230or a display screen of a stand-alone monitor coupled to the console 130or 230.

The shape-sensing system 100 further includes a stand-alone opticalinterrogator 140 communicatively coupled to the console 130, whereas theshape-sensing system 200 further includes an integrated opticalinterrogator 232 integrated into the console 230. The opticalinterrogator 140 or 232 is configured to send input optical signals intothe optical-fiber stylet of the medical device 110 by way of the relaymodule 120 and receive reflected optical signals from the optical-fiberstylet by way of the relay module 120.

The relay module 120 includes a housing 324, a cable 326 extending fromthe housing 324, and one or more optical-fiber cores 628 (“optical fiber628”) extending through the housing 324 and along the cable 326. (Forthe optical fiber 628, see FIG. 6.) The relay module 120 is configuredto establish at least an optical connection between the optical-fiberstylet of the medical device 110 and the optical fiber 628 of the relaymodule 120. The relay module 120 is also configured with a plug 330 at aterminus of the cable 326 to establish at least another opticalconnection between the optical fiber 628 of the relay module 120 and theoptical interrogator 140 or 232. The optical fiber 628 of the relaymodule 120 is configured to convey the input optical signals from theoptical interrogator 140 or 232 to the optical-fiber stylet of themedical device 110 and the reflected optical signals from theoptical-fiber stylet to the optical interrogator 140 or 232.

The relay module 120 can also be configured to establish an electricalconnection between the medical device 110 and the relay module 120, anelectrical connection between the relay module 120 and the console 103or 230, or both as set forth in more detail below. In support of suchelectrical connections, the relay module 120 can include one or moreelectricals wires extending through the housing 324 and along the cable326 like the optical fiber 628.

The relay module 120 can further include one or more sensors 222selected from at least a gyroscope, an accelerometer, and a magnetometerdisposed within the housing 324. The one or more sensors 222 areconfigured to provide sensor data to the console 130 or 230 by way ofthe one or more electrical wires within the housing 324 and the cable326 for determining a reference plane for shape sensing with theoptical-fiber stylet of the medical device 110.

Certain features of the relay module 120 are set forth in more detailbelow with respect to particular embodiments of the relay module 120.That said, some features set forth below with respect to one or moreembodiments of the relay module 120 are shared among two or moreembodiments of the relay module 120. As such, “relay module 120” is usedherein to generically refer to more than one embodiment of the relaymodule 120 when needed for expository expediency. This is despitecertain features having been described with respect to particularembodiments of the relay module 120.

Medical Devices

FIG. 3 also illustrates a PICC 310 as the medical device 110 inaccordance with some embodiments. FIG. 4 illustrates a cross-section ofa catheter tube 312 of the PICC 310 including an integratedoptical-fiber stylet 424 in accordance with some embodiments. FIG. 5illustrates a plug 322 of an extension tube or cable 320 of the medicaldevice 110 for establishing both optical and electrical connections inaccordance with some embodiments.

As shown, the PICC 310 includes the catheter tube 312, a bifurcated hub314, two extension legs 316, and two Luer connectors 318 operablyconnected in the foregoing order. The catheter tube 312 includes twocatheter-tube lumens 413 and the optical-fiber stylet 424 disposed in alongitudinal bead of the catheter tube 312 such as between the twocatheter-tube lumens 413, as extruded. Optionally, in a same ordifferent longitudinal bead of the catheter tube 312, the PICC 310 canfurther include the ECG stylet. The bifurcated hub 314 has two hublumens correspondingly fluidly connected to the two catheter-tube lumens413. Each extension leg of the two extension legs 316 has anextension-leg lumen fluidly connected to a hub lumen of the two hublumens. The PICC 310 further includes the extension tube 320 eitherextending from the bifurcated hub 314 or communicatively coupled to thebifurcated hub 314. When extending from the bifurcated hub 314, theextension tube 320 can be a skived portion of the catheter tube 312including the optical-fiber stylet 424 and, if present, the ECG stylet,which extension tube 320 can terminate in the plug 322 for establishingan optical connection between the optical-fiber stylet 424 of the PICC310 and the optical fiber 628 of the relay module 120, as well as anyelectrical connections. The skived portion of the catheter tube 312 canbe disposed in another tube, which, in combination, forms the extensiontube 320 terminating in the plug 322 for establishing the foregoingoptical and electrical connections.

While the PICC 310 is provided as a particular embodiment of the medicaldevice 110 of the shape-sensing system 100 or 200, it should beunderstood that any of a number of medical devices including catheterssuch as a CVC can include at least an optical-fiber stylet and,optionally, electrical componentry such as the ECG stylet and the one ormore wires in support thereof, terminating in a plug for establishing anoptical connection or both optical and electrical connections betweenthe medical device and the relay module 120.

Relay Modules

FIG. 6 illustrates a detailed view of the relay module 120 with areceptacle 632 for establishing optical connections or both optical andelectrical connections in accordance with some embodiments. FIG. 9illustrates the second shape-sensing system 200 in use during a patientprocedure with the sterile barrier 903 in accordance with someembodiments.

As shown, the relay module 120 includes the housing 324, the receptacle632 disposed in the housing 324, the cable 326 extending from thehousing 324, and at least the optical fiber 628 within the housing 324and the cable 326. Again, the relay module 120 can include one or moreelectricals wires extending through the housing 324 and along the cable326 similar to the optical fiber 628 in some embodiments.

The receptacle 632 includes an optical receiver configured to acceptinsertion of an optical terminal of a plug of the medical device 110(e.g., the plug 322 of the PICC 310) for establishing an opticalconnection between the relay module 120 and the optical-fiber stylet ofthe medical device 110 (e.g., the optical-fiber stylet 424 of the PICC310) when the plug is inserted into the receptacle 632. The receptacle632 can also include one or more electrical contacts configured tocontact an electrical terminal (e.g., the metal piece of the plug 322)of the plug of the medical device 110 (e.g., the plug 322 of the PICC310), when present, for establishing an electrical connection betweenthe relay module 120 and the one or more electrical wires of the medicaldevice 110 when the plug is inserted into the receptacle 632.

The cable 326 includes the plug 330 for establishing an opticalconnection between the relay module 120 and the optical interrogator 232of the console 230, as well as an electrical connection between therelay module 120 and the console 230 in some embodiments.

The optical fiber 628 extends from the receptacle 632 through the cable326 to the plug 330. The optical fiber 628 is configured to convey theinput optical signals from the optical interrogator 232 to theoptical-fiber stylet of the medical device 110 (e.g., the optical-fiberstylet 424 of the PICC 310) and the reflected optical signals from theoptical-fiber stylet to the optical interrogator 232.

As set forth above, the relay module 120 can further include the one ormore sensors 222 selected from the gyroscope, the accelerometer, and themagnetometer disposed within the housing 324. The one or more sensors222 are configured to provide sensor data for determining a referenceplane for shape sensing with the optical-fiber stylet of the medicaldevice 110 (e.g., the optical-fiber stylet 424 of the PICC 310).

As with the optical fiber 628, the one or more electrical wires, whenpresent in the relay module 120, extend from the one or more sensors222, if present, the receptacle 632, or both the one or more sensors 222and the receptacle 632 through the cable 326 to the plug 330. Inaddition to any needed electrical power, the one or more electricalwires are configured to convey input electrical signals from the console230 to the one or more sensors 222, when present in the relay module120. The one or more electrical wire are also configured to convey anyoutput electrical signals from the one or more sensors 222, the ECGstylet, if present in the medical device 110, or both the one or moresensors 222 and the ECG stylet to the console 230.

The relay module 120 is configured to sit beneath the sterile barrier903 on or alongside a patient P such as on a chest of the patient. Assuch, the relay module 120 need not require disinfection orsterilization. However, should the relay module 120 require disinfectionor sterilization, the relay module 120 can be configured to be amenableto disinfection or sterilization. For example, the housing 324 of therelay module 120 can be non-porous or chemically resistant to oxidants.The relay module 120 can be configured for manual disinfection with aChloraPrep® product by Becton, Dickinson and Company (Franklin Lakes,N.J.), or the relay module 120 can be configured for automatichigh-level disinfection or sterilization with vaporized H₂O₂ by way ofTrophon® by Nanosonics Inc. (Indianapolis, Ind.).

While not shown, the housing 324 of the relay module 120 can include aloop extending from the housing 324, a tether point integrated into thehousing 324, or a ball-lock-pin receiver integrated into the housing 324configured for attaching a neck strap to the relay module 120. The loop,the tether point, or the ball-lock-pin receiver enables the relay module120 to be secured to a neck of the patient P while sitting on thepatient's chest. Additionally or alternatively, the housing 324 includesa patient-facing surface (e.g., a back of the relay module 120)configured to be adhered to the patient's chest. The patient-facingsurface enables the relay module 120 to be secured to the patient whilesitting on or alongside the patient whether or not the relay module 120is also secured to the patient's neck.

Again, the receptacle 632 includes the optical receiver configured toaccept insertion of the optical terminal of the plug of the medicaldevice 110 (e.g., the plug 322 of the PICC 310) and form an opticalconnection when the plug is inserted into the receptacle 632. Thereceptacle 632 can also include one or more electrical contactsconfigured to contact the electrical terminal (e.g., the metal piece ofthe plug 322) of the plug of the medical device 110 (e.g., the plug 322of the PICC 310), when present, for establishing an electricalconnection between the relay module 120 and the one or more electricalwires of the medical device 110 when the plug is inserted into thereceptacle 632. However, with the relay module 120, such optical andelectrical connections are formed with the sterile barrier 903 betweenthe relay module 120 and the medical device 110. The receptacle 632 andthe plug of the medical device 110 enable such connections from asterile field (e.g., above the sterile barrier 903) including themedical device 110 such as the PICC 310 to a non-sterile field (e.g.,beneath the sterile barrier 903) including the relay module 120.

Connection Systems

FIG. 5 illustrates the plug 322 of the extension tube 320 of the medicaldevice 110 for establishing both optical and electrical connections inaccordance with some embodiments. FIG. 6 illustrates a detailed view ofthe relay module 120 with the receptacle 632 for establishing opticalconnections or both optical and electrical connections in accordancewith some embodiments.

As shown, an electrical-and-optical connection system can include theextension tube 320 having the plug 322 and the relay module 120 havingthe receptacle 632.

As set forth above, the extension tube 320 can include one or moreoptical-fiber cores extending from the optical-fiber stylet 424 along alength of the extension tube 320, one or more electrical wires (e.g.,one or more electrical wires 525) extending along the length of theextension tube 320 over the one or more optical fibers such as braidedover the one or more optical fibers, and the plug 322.

The plug 322 is formed of a metal piece (e.g., a metal ferrule) aroundthe one or more electrical wires, which, in turn, are over the one ormore optical-fiber cores. The metal piece can be fixedly coupled to theone or more electrical wires of the extension tube 320 by anelectrically conductive adhesive (e.g., electrically conductive epoxy),crimped onto the one or more electrical wires of the extension tube 320,or a combination thereof. The plug 322 or the metal piece thereof issufficiently tapered such that it is configured to pierce through atleast a sterile barrier such as the sterile barrier 903.

As set forth above, the relay module 120 can be configured to relay bothoptical signals and electrical signals to a receiver thereof such as theconsole 230 of the shape-sensing system 200. When so configured, therelay module 120 includes one or more optical-fiber cores within thehousing 324 of the relay module 120, one or more electrical wires withinthe housing 324, and the receptacle 632 disposed in the housing 324.

The receptacle 632 is configured to simultaneously accept insertion ofthe plug 322 therein and establish both electrical and opticalconnections between the plug 322 and the receptacle 632 from a sterilefield to a non-sterile field. For the optical connection, the receptacle632 includes the optical receiver set forth above configured to acceptinsertion of the optical terminal of the plug 322 and form the opticalconnection when the plug 322 is inserted into the receptacle 632 withthe sterile barrier 903 therebetween. Such a configuration enables theoptical connection from the sterile field to the non-sterile field. Forthe electrical connection, the receptacle 632 includes the one or moreelectrical contacts set forth herein configured to form the electricalconnection with the metal piece when the plug 322 is inserted into thereceptacle 632 with the sterile barrier 903 therebetween. Such aconfiguration enables the electrical connection from the sterile fieldto the non-sterile field.

FIG. 7 illustrates a plug-inserting device 700 in accordance with someembodiments.

As shown, the electrical-and-optical connection system set forth abovecan further include the plug-inserting device 700. The plug-insertingdevice 700 is configured to removably attach to a surface of the relaymodule 120 with the sterile barrier 903 between the plug-insertingdevice 700 and the relay module 120 as shown in FIG. 7 for inserting theplug 322 into the receptacle 632 of the relay module 120.

The plug-inserting device 700 includes a plug holder 702 and a lever704. The plug holder 702 is configured to hold the extension tube 320 orthe plug 322. The lever 704 is an actuator configured to insert the plug322 into the receptacle 632 of the relay module 120 when the lever 704is moved through a circular sector toward the plug holder 702 as shownin FIG. 7. Indeed, the plug-inserting device 700 is configured to insertthe plug 322 into the receptacle 632 when the plug-inserting device 700is attached to the relay module 120, the plug holder 702 is holding theplug 322, and the plug-inserting device 700 is actuated by the lever 704to insert the plug 322 into the receptacle 632.

FIG. 10 illustrates an extension-tube optical connector 1022 of theextension tube 320 of the medical device 110 in accordance with someembodiments. FIG. 11 illustrates a relay module 1120 with a relay-moduleoptical connector 1122 for establishing optical connections across asterile barrier 1103 in accordance with some embodiments.

As shown, an optical connection system can include the extension tube320 having the extension-tube connector 1022 and the relay module 1120having the relay-module connector 1122.

As set forth above, the extension tube 320 can include one or moreoptical-fiber cores extending from the optical-fiber stylet 424 along alength of the extension tube 320. The one or more optical-fibers canextend to an optical terminal in a mating surface of the extension-tubeconnector 1022.

The extension-tube connector 1022 includes one or more alignment magnets1026 disposed in the mating surface of the extension-tube connector 1022around the optical terminal or an end portion of the optical-fiberstylet 424.

As set forth above, the relay module 120 can be configured to relayoptical signals to a receiver thereof such as the console 230 of theshape-sensing system 200. When the relay module 1120 is so configured,the relay module 1120 includes one or more optical-fiber cores within ahousing 1124 of the relay module 1120 and the relay-module connector1122.

The relay-module connector 1122 includes one or more alignment magnets1126 disposed in a mating surface of the relay-module connector 1122around an optical receiver 1132.

The extension-tube connector 1022 and the relay-module connector 1122are configured to mate across a transparent window 1104 of the sterilebarrier 1103 (e.g., drape) and establish an optical connection betweenthe optical terminal of the extension-tube connector 1022 in a sterilefield and the optical receiver of the relay-module connector 1122 in anon-sterile field.

A shape of each connector of the extension-tube connector 1022 and therelay-module connector 1122 can be configured to enforce a particularorientation of the extension-tube connector 1022 and the relay-moduleconnector 1122 when mated across the transparent window 1104 of thesterile barrier 1103. For example, each connector of the extension-tubeconnector 1022 and the relay-module connector 1122 shown in FIG. 11 isrectangular or longer than it is wide, thereby enforcing two of the fourmost reasonable orientations for rectangular connectors.

Magnetic poles of the one or more alignment magnets 1026 and 1126 ofeach connector of the extension-tube connector 1022 and the relay-moduleconnector 1122 can additionally or alternatively be configured toenforce a particular orientation of the extension-tube connector 1022and the relay-module connector 1122 when mated across the transparentwindow 1104 of the sterile barrier 1103. For example, a first side ofthe extension-tube connector 1022 can include a first pair of thealignment magnets 1026 having a same magnetic pole orientation (e.g.,N). A second side of the extension-tube connector 1022 can include asecond pair of the alignment magnets 1026 having a same magnetic poleorientation (e.g., S) but different than the first side of theextension-tube connector. The relay-module connector 1122 can belikewise configured such that similar sides of the extension-tubeconnector 1022 and the relay-module connector 1122 repel each other whenbrought close to each other and dissimilar sides of the extension-tubeconnector 1022 and the relay-module connector 1122 attract each otherwhen brought close to each other. In this way, two of the four mostreasonable orientations of, for example, square-shaped connectors can beenforced. However, if the extension-tube connector 1022 and therelay-module connector 1122 are rectangular as shown in FIG. 11, boththe shape and the magnetic poles configured as in the example canenforce a single orientation.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, a shape of each connector of theextension-tube connector 1022 and the relay-module connector 1122 can berotationally symmetric. Such a configuration allows a number ofrotationally equivalent orientations of the extension-tube connector 102and the relay-module connector 1122 when mated across the transparentwindow 1104 of the sterile barrier 1103. For example, all the magneticpoles of the one or more alignment magnets 1026 of the extension-tubeconnector 1022 can be of a same magnetic pole orientation but oppositeall the magnetic poles of the one or more alignment magnets 1126 of therelay-module connector 1122 to complement all the magnetic poles of theone or more alignment magnets 1126 of the relay-module connector 1122.Indeed, such a configuration allows a number of rotationally equivalentorientations of the extension-tube connector 1022 and the relay-moduleconnector 1122 when mated across the transparent window 1104 of thesterile barrier 1103.

Methods

FIG. 9 illustrates the second shape-sensing system 200 in use during apatient procedure with the sterile barrier 903 in accordance with someembodiments.

A method of an electrical-and-optical connection system can be a part ofa method of the shape-sensing system 100 or 200. Such a method caninclude a relay-module placing step, a sterile-barrier placing step, anda first plug-inserting step.

The relay-module placing step includes placing the relay module 1120 onor alongside the patient P such as on the chest of the patient. Prior tothe relay-module placing step, the method can further include adisinfecting or sterilizing step of disinfecting or sterilizing therelay module 1120 before placing the relay module 1120 on or alongsidethe patient.

The sterile-barrier placing step includes placing the sterile barrier903 over the patient. Such a step establishes a sterile field over thesterile barrier 903 and a non-sterile field under the sterile barrier903 and can occur after the relay-module placing step.

The first plug-inserting step includes inserting the plug 322 of theextension tube 320 communicatively connected to the medical device 110(e.g., the PICC 310) in the sterile field into the receptacle 632 of therelay module 120 in the non-sterile field. The first plug-inserting stepsimultaneously establishes both electrical and optical connectionsbetween the medical device 110 (e.g. the PICC 310) and the relay module120 across the sterile barrier 903.

Before the first plug-inserting step, the method can further include amounting step and second plug-inserting step. The mounting step includesmounting the plug-inserting device 700 over the surface of the relaymodule 120. The second plug-inserting step includes inserting the plug322 into the plug holder 702 of the plug-inserting device 700 for thefirst plug-inserting step.

Following on the mounting and second plug-inserting steps, the methodcan further include an actuating step of actuating the lever 704 of theplug-inserting device 700 for inserting the plug 322 into the receptacle632 during the first plug-inserting step.

A method of an optical connection system can also be a part of a methodof the shape-sensing system 100 or 200. Such a method can include arelay-module placing step, a sterile-barrier placing step, and a matingstep.

The relay-module placing step includes placing the relay module 1120 onor alongside the patient P such as on the chest of the patient. Prior tothe relay-module placing step, the method can further include adisinfecting or sterilizing step of disinfecting or sterilizing therelay module 1120 before placing the relay module 1120 on or alongsidethe patient.

The sterile-barrier placing step includes placing the sterile barrier1103 having the transparent window 1104 over the patient. Such a stepestablishes a sterile field over the sterile barrier 1103 and anon-sterile field under the sterile barrier 1103 and can occur after therelay-module placing step.

The mating step includes mating the extension-tube connector 1022 of theextension tube 320 communicatively connected to the medical device 110(e.g., the PICC 310) in the sterile field with the relay-moduleconnector 1122 of the relay module 1120 in the non-sterile field withthe transparent window 1104 between the extension-tube connector 1022and the relay-module connector 1122. The mating step establishes theoptical connection between the medical device 110 and the relay module1120 across the sterile barrier 1103.

The mating step includes orientating the extension-tube connector 1022such that its shape matches the shape of the relay-module connector1122. The mating step can also include orientating the extension-tubeconnector 1022 such that the magnetic poles of the one or more alignmentmagnets 1026 complement the magnetic poles of the one or more alignmentmagnets 1126 of the relay-module connector 1122.

While some particular embodiments have been disclosed herein, and whilethe particular embodiments have been disclosed in some detail, it is notthe intention for the particular embodiments to limit the scope of theconcepts provided herein. Additional adaptations and/or modificationscan appear to those of ordinary skill in the art, and, in broaderaspects, these adaptations and/or modifications are encompassed as well.Accordingly, departures may be made from the particular embodimentsdisclosed herein without departing from the scope of the conceptsprovided herein.

What is claimed is:
 1. An electrical-and-optical connection system,comprising: an extension tube including: one or more optical-fiber coresextending along a length of the extension tube; one or more electricalwires extending along the length of the extension tube over the one ormore optical fibers; and a plug formed of a metal piece around the oneor more electrical wires, the plug configured to pierce through at leasta sterile barrier; and a relay module configured to relay electrical andoptical signals to a receiver thereof, the relay module including: oneor more optical-fiber cores within a housing of the relay module; one ormore electrical wires within the housing of the relay module; and areceptacle disposed in the housing, the receptacle configured tosimultaneously accept insertion of the plug therein and establish bothelectrical and optical connections between the plug and the receptaclefrom a sterile field to a non-sterile field.
 2. Theelectrical-and-optical connection system of claim 1, wherein the metalpiece is fixedly coupled to the one or more electrical wires of theextension tube by an electrically conductive adhesive.
 3. Theelectrical-and-optical connection system of claim 1, wherein the metalpiece is crimped onto the one or more electrical wires of the extensiontube fixedly coupling the metal piece thereto.
 4. Theelectrical-and-optical connection system of claim 1, wherein thereceptacle includes one or more electrical contacts configured to formthe electrical connection with the metal piece when the plug is insertedinto the receptacle with the sterile barrier therebetween, therebyenabling the electrical connection from the sterile field to thenon-sterile field.
 5. The electrical-and-optical connection system ofclaim 1, wherein the receptacle includes an optical receiver configuredto accept insertion of an optical terminal of the plug and form theoptical connection when the plug is inserted into the receptacle withthe sterile barrier therebetween, thereby enabling the opticalconnection from the sterile field to the non-sterile field.
 6. Theelectrical-and-optical connection system of claim 1, further comprisinga plug-inserting device configured to removably attach to a surface ofthe relay module, the plug-inserting device including a plug holderconfigured to hold the extension tube or the plug and insert the pluginto the receptacle when the plug-inserting device is attached to therelay module, the plug holder is holding the plug, and theplug-inserting device is actuated to insert the plug into thereceptacle.
 7. The electrical-and-optical connection system of claim 6,wherein the plug-inserting device includes a lever as an actuator forinserting the plug into the receptacle, the lever configured to insertthe plug into the receptacle when the lever is moved through a circularsector toward the plug holder.
 8. The electrical-and-optical connectionsystem of claim 1, wherein the relay module is configured to sit on oralongside a patient beneath the sterile barrier.
 9. Theelectrical-and-optical connection system of claim 8, wherein the housingincludes a patient-facing surface configured to be adhered to thepatient, thereby enabling the relay module to be secured to the patientwhile establishing both the electrical and optical connections betweenthe plug and the relay module.
 10. An optical connection system,comprising: an extension tube including: one or more optical-fiber coresextending along a length of the extension tube; and an extension-tubeconnector including an optical terminal disposed in a mating surface ofthe extension-tube connector; and a relay module configured to relayoptical signals to a receiver thereof, the relay module including: oneor more optical-fiber cores within a housing of the relay module; and arelay-module connector including an optical receiver disposed in amating surface of the relay-module connector, the extension-tubeconnector and the relay-module connector configured to mate across atransparent window of a sterile barrier and establish an opticalconnection between the optical terminal in a sterile field and theoptical receiver in a non-sterile field.
 11. The optical connectionsystem of claim 10, wherein the extension-tube connector includes one ormore alignment magnets disposed in the mating surface of theextension-tube connector around an optical terminal and the relay-moduleconnector includes one or more alignment magnets disposed in the matingsurface of the relay-module connector around an optical receiver. 12.The optical connection system of claim 11, wherein a shape of eachconnector of the extension-tube connector and the relay-module connectorenforces a particular orientation of the extension-tube connector andthe relay-module connector when mated across the transparent window. 13.The optical connection system of claim 11, wherein magnetic poles of theone or more alignment magnets of each connector of the extension-tubeconnector and the relay-module connector enforce a particularorientation of the extension-tube connector and the relay-moduleconnector when mated across the transparent window.
 14. The opticalconnection system of claim 11, wherein a shape of each connector of theextension-tube connector and the relay-module connector is rotationallysymmetric, thereby allowing a number of rotationally equivalentorientations of the extension-tube connector and the relay-moduleconnector when mated across the transparent window.
 15. The opticalconnection system of claim 14, wherein all magnetic poles of the one ormore alignment magnets of the extension-tube connector are of a sameorientation but opposite all magnetic poles of the one or more alignmentmagnets of the relay-module connector, thereby allowing a number ofrotationally equivalent orientations of the extension-tube connector andthe relay-module connector when mated across the transparent window. 16.The optical connection system of claim 10, wherein the relay module isconfigured to sit on or alongside a patient beneath the sterile barrier.17. The optical connection system of claim 16, wherein the housingincludes a patient-facing surface configured to be adhered to thepatient, thereby enabling the relay module to be secured to the patientwhile establishing both the electrical and optical connections betweenthe plug and the relay module.
 18. A method of an electrical-and-opticalconnection system, comprising: placing a relay module on or alongside apatient; placing a sterile barrier over the patient, therebyestablishing a sterile field over the sterile barrier and a non-sterilefield under the sterile barrier; inserting a plug of an extension tubecommunicatively connected to a medical device in the sterile field intoa receptacle of the relay module in the non-sterile field, the insertingsimultaneously establishing both electrical and optical connectionsbetween the medical device and the relay module across the sterilebarrier.
 19. The method of claim 18, wherein placing the relay module onor alongside the patient occurs before placing the sterile barrier overthe patient.
 20. The method of claim 18, further comprising: mounting aplug-inserting device over a surface of the relay module; and insertingthe plug into a plug holder of the plug-inserting device.
 21. The methodof claim 20, further comprising actuating a lever of the plug-insertingdevice for inserting the plug into the receptacle.
 22. A method of anoptical connection system, comprising: placing a relay module on oralongside a patient; placing a sterile barrier having a transparentwindow overt the patient, thereby establishing a sterile field over thesterile barrier and a non-sterile field under the sterile barrier;mating an extension-tube connector of an extension tube communicativelyconnected to a medical device in the sterile field with a relay-moduleconnector of the relay module in the non-sterile field with thetransparent window between the extension-tube connector and therelay-module connector, the mating establishing the optical connectionbetween the medical device and the relay module across the sterilebarrier.
 23. The method of claim 22, wherein placing the relay module onor alongside the patient occurs before placing the sterile barrier overthe patient.
 24. The method of claim 22, wherein mating theextension-tube connector with the relay-module connector includesorientating the extension-tube connector such that its shape matches ashape of the relay-module connector.
 25. The method of claim 22, whereinmating the extension-tube connector with the relay-module connectorincludes orientating the extension-tube connector such that magneticpoles of its one or more alignment magnets complement magnetic poles ofone or more alignment magnets of the relay-module connector.